Genetic terms Animation

Diploid organisms have pairs of genes, on pairs of homologous chromosomes. Each gene has a specific location on the chromosome. We call this the gene's locus. In this species, the locus for gene B is always between the loci for genes A and C. Most genes come in two or more slightly different molecular forms called alleles. Different alleles specify different versions of the same trait. When a pair of alleles at a locus are identical, this is the homozygous condition. When the alleles at a locus differ, this is the heterozygous condition. We use capital letters to signify dominant alleles and lower case letters for recessive ones. An allele is dominant if its effects on a trait mask that of any recessive allele paired with it.

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