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Types of antimicrobial substances (interferons & complement protein)

By: HWC, Views: 7774

• Found in blood and interstitial fluids. • Discourage microbial growth. • Include interferon and complement proteins. • Produced and released by virus-infected lymphocytes. • Enter new cells and inhibit viral replication. • Act against a large variety of viruses (non-speci...

Membrane transport proteins - pores, gated channels and pumps

By: HWC, Views: 7862

• a Three different types of membrane ion transport proteins are required to produce and carry electrical signals: • Pores • Gated channels • Na+/ K+ pump • Pores are always open and allow the diffusion of Na+ and K+ ions across the membrane, down their concentration gradients...

Inflammatory response Animation

By: HWC, Views: 4290

Any tissue damage or bacterial invasion can bring about inflammation. The inflammatory response can be triggered by an invasion of bacteria, or by a cut or other physical damage to cells. Chemicals, such as histamine, released by the bacteria or damaged cells. accumulate in the tissue. Thes...

Interpreting a cladogram Animation

By: HWC, Views: 1393

Using a cladogram to determine relative relatedness and whether the lungfish is more closely related to a human or to a trout. To determine the relative relatedness, we begin by tracing the branches from the human and the lungfish to the point where they meet. We'll call this node 1. Now...

Virtual Enzyme Kinetics & Lineweaver Burk Plot

By: HWC, Views: 7322

• The double-reciprocal (also known as the Lineweaver-Burk) plot is created by plotting the inverse initial velocity (1/V0) as a function of the inverse of the substrate concentration (1/[S]). • This plot is a useful way to determined different inhibitors such as competitive, uncompetitive...

Sister chromatids of a metaphase chromosome animation

By: HWC, Views: 5789

At metaphase, the chromosomes are duplicated and are at their most condensed. In each chromosome. two identical sister chromatids are held together at a constricted region called the centromere. When a chromosome is condensed, interactions among chromosomal proteins keep loops of DNA tightly ...

How proteins function? How do proteins work?

By: HWC, Views: 7409

How proteins function is really about how proteins "do work" in cells. How do proteins work? Let's start thinking about protein function by looking at something important to you: your hair. Keratin is a structural protein that is composed of 2 intertwined or helical strands. Keratin is also f...

Facilitated Diffusion - Glucose transport

By: HWC, Views: 8029

Transmembrane proteins help solutes that are too polar or too highly charged move through the lipid bilayer The processes involved are: Channel mediated facilitated diffusion Carrier mediated facilitated diffusion In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein i...

Buffers definition and the role of buffer in the body

By: HWC, Views: 7898

■ Too many H+ break hydrogen bonds and a protein comes apart. ■ Buffers react with excess H+ to protect proteins from breaking down. ■ Buffers consist of weak acid plus anions of that weak acid. This solution contains: • hydrogen ions • weak acid (H2CO3) • anions of we...