Search results for: 'Total ATP Production'

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By: HWC, Views: 7830

The endocrine system maintains many body conditions within normal limits with feedback loops. Each endocrine feedback loop maintains homeostasis using the following components: ■ Stimulus - a change in a body condition. ■ Production cell - an endocrine cell that produces a hormone after b...

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Gas exchange - partial pressure, locations, external and internal respiration

By: HWC, Views: 7882

▪ In a mixture, each individual gas exerts a pressure that is proportional to the concentration of that gas within the mixture. • This part of the total pressure is called a "partial pressure". • A gas moves along the part of the pressure gradient determined by its own concentration. ...

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hGH (protein synthesis, growth and development)

By: HWC, Views: 8103

• Increased GHRH, a hypothalamic releasing hormone stimulated by low blood glucose, physical exertion, and increased sympathetic stimulation, stimulates the production of human growth hormone (hGH) from the somatotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary. • Human growth hormone targets cartil...

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Hormonal regulation of pregnancy - weeks 2 through 38

By: HWC, Views: 8146

Weeks 2 through 16 • During the first few months of pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone are secreted primarily by the corpus luteum. • These hormones act to maintain nutritional support for the embryo and fetus. • hCG production increases, peaking at 8 weeks. • hCG triggers the c...

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Facilitated Diffusion - Glucose transport

By: HWC, Views: 8006

Transmembrane proteins help solutes that are too polar or too highly charged move through the lipid bilayer The processes involved are: Channel mediated facilitated diffusion Carrier mediated facilitated diffusion In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein i...

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How antibiotics works? 💊

By: HWC, Views: 7432

The Crisis in Antibiotic Resistance More than 70 years ago, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. A few decades later, when this antibiotic was used in World War II, Fleming's discovery had revolutionized medicine. No longer did people have to die from something as trivial as an infected cut.Y...

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Structures that affect circulation - kidneys, blood volume and venous tone

By: HWC, Views: 7682

• Kidneys regulate blood volume and blood osmolarity via salt and water reabsorption. • Increased reabsorption increases blood volume and venous return (and CO). • Decreased reabsorption increases urine production, which decreases blood volume and venous return (and CO). • Systemi...

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Role of the respiratory system - effect of altered ventilation rates

By: HWC, Views: 8256

• The respiratory system regulates blood pH by controlling the amount of carbon dioxide removed from the blood. • Near systemic cells, carbon dioxide forms bicarbonate ions in the blood. H+ ions are also released, thereby decreasing blood pH. • At the alveolar capillaries, bicarbonate io...

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Role of complement proteins

By: HWC, Views: 7474

• Non-specific and specific defense mechanisms work through the functions of complement proteins. • As soon as pathogens penetrate the physical barrier of the skin, other resistance mechanisms begin. • Cells, such as macrophages, phagocytize pathogens. • These cells increase exposu...

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