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Phlebotomy

By: Administrator, Views: 9795

How blood is taken from a patient. Phlebotomy is the process of making an incision in a vein with a needle. The procedure itself is known as a venipuncture.

Atrial natriuretic peptide (vasodilation) & Aldosterone

By: HWC, Views: 6342

• Certain situations will cause the body's stress level to rise. • increased blood pressure will stretch the atria of the heart, stimulating the secretion of atria natriuretic peptide (MP). • ANP causes muscle cells in blood vessels to relax. • Blood pressure is lowered as a result ...

Introduction to Sickle Cell Anemia

By: Administrator, Views: 10092

Sickle cell anemia (sickle cell disease) is a disorder of the blood caused by an inherited abnormal hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein within the red blood cells). The abnormal hemoglobin causes distorted (sickled appearing under a microscope) red blood cells.

Structures that affect circulation - kidneys and blood volume and skeletal muscle pumping

By: HWC, Views: 7224

• Kidneys regulate blood volume and blood osmolarity via salt and water reabsorption. • Increased reabsorption increases blood volume and venous return (and CO). • Decreased reabsorption Increases urine production, which decreases blood volume and venous return (and CO). • Systemi...

Oxygen transport - methods and oxyhemoglobin

By: HWC, Views: 6429

• The blood is the medium used for gas transport throughout the body. • Oxygen is only available in the lungs. Because the partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the alveoli than in the blood, oxygen diffuses into the blood and is transported to systemic cells. • At the tissues the par...

Role of the urinary system - acidosis and alkalosis

By: HWC, Views: 6878

• Tubular cells of the proximal convoluted tubule and collecting tubules can alter filtrate pH and therefore blood pH. • These cells can affect blood pH with two coupled mechanisms: • Reabsorption of bicarbonate ions. • Secretion of hydrogen ions. • The reabsorption of bicarbonate...

Structures that affect circulation - arterioles and vasomotor responses

By: HWC, Views: 6355

■ Small arteries and arterioles determine SVR. ■ Blood pressure drops significantly as blood passes through arterioles. ■ Decreasing arteriole radius and decreased wall elasticity are the main reasons for increased SVR. ■ Small changes in arteriole radius can cause large changes in ...

Insulin (glucose uptake by body cells), glycogenesis and lipogenesis

By: HWC, Views: 6790

Insulin is the regulator that allows the sugar from the foods we eat (be it a piece of cake or a stick of celery) to enter our tissues and become part of the metabolic process. Insulin is made by the Islets of Langerhans, which are found in the pancreas of every person. As we previously mentio...

Parathyroid hormone (bone resorption) & Calcitonin (bone deposition)

By: HWC, Views: 6670

• Cellular needs for calcium may cause blood calcium concentrations to decline below the normal range. • This decrease stimulates cells in the parathyroid gland to secrete parathyroid hormone. • Binding of parathyroid hormone to osteoclasts in bone tissue promotes bone resorption and th...