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Introduction to Sickle Cell Anemia

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Sickle cell anemia (sickle cell disease) is a disorder of the blood caused by an inherited abnormal hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein within the red blood cells). The abnormal hemoglobin causes distorted (sickled appearing under a microscope) red blood cells.

Optic Nerve and Optic Disk Animation (Part 1 of 2)

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Inner Layer Blind spot: the absence of rods and cones in the area of the optic disk creates a blind spot on the retina's surface; the only part of the retina that is insensitive to light. Inner Layer The eye contains approximately 120 million rods that are sensitive to dim light. The rods ...

Blood Pressure Measurement

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How nurses check a patient's blood pressure. Blood Pressure The pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries. Higher (systolic) number: the pressure while the heart contracts. Lower (diastolic) number: the pressure when the heart relaxes between beats. Measured by a sphygmoma...

Dissociative Disorders (Part 3)

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Dissociative disorders (DD) are conditions that involve disruptions or breakdowns of memory, awareness, identity, or perception. People with dissociative disorders use dissociation as a defense mechanism, pathologically and involuntarily. Some dissociative disorders are triggered by psychological...

Glucose Evaluation Procedure

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Hb A1C Test Blood test used to: diagnose diabetes identify people at risk of developing diabetes monitor how well blood sugar levels are being controlled by the diabetic patient Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) Test performed on blood to determine the level of sugar in the bloodstream. Also ref...

Second Stage of Labor and Delivery

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During labor forceful contractions move the fetus down the birth canal and expel it from the uterus. Signs and symptoms that labor is about to start can occur from hours to weeks before the actual onset of labor. Braxton Hicks contractions Irregular contractions that begin in the second trim...

Introduction to Pre-eclampsia

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Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by the onset of high blood pressure and often a significant amount of protein in the urine. When it arises, the condition begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy. In severe disease there may be red blood cell breakdown, a low blood platelet c...

Introduction to Heart Attacks

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A heart attack occurs when an artery supplying your heart with blood and oxygen becomes blocked. Fatty deposits build up over time, forming plaques in your heart's arteries. If a plaque ruptures, a blood clot can form and block your arteries, causing a heart attack.

Virtual Tour of the Eye Animation

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Eye Composed of special anatomical structures that work together to facilitate sight: Cornea Pupil Lens Vitreous body Light stimulates sensory receptors (rods and cones) in the retina or innermost layer of the eye. Vision is made possible through the coordinated actions of nerves that co...

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