HIV replication/ Replication cycle of HIV

Replication cycle of HIV, one of the retroviruses. The HIV virus is surrounded by a lipid envelope with embedded proteins. A coat of viral proteins surrounds two strands of RNA and the enzymes used during replication. The virus attaches to and enters the host cell. Viral reverse transcriptase catalyzes the formation of double-stranded DNA from the viral RNA. Another viral enzyme integrates the viral DNA into the host chromosome. The DNA copy of the viral genome is transcribed and translated to produce viral RNA and proteins. The proteins and mRNA migrate to the cell surface where they assemble, then bud through the host membrane. This produces new virus particles and completes the replication cycle.

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