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Basic rhythm - control centers in medulla oblongata, spirograph and normal tidal cycle

By: HWC, Views: 6593

• Normal ventilation is rhythmic and involves continuous cycles of inspiration and expiration. • Various regions of the brain closely regulate this rhythmic pattern of ventilation. • The rhythmicity area in the medulla regulates the basic rhythm of ventilation. • The medullary rhy...

Coronary Heart Disease

By: Administrator, Views: 9835

Coronary heart disease accounted for 23.5 percent of all deaths in the U.S. in 2008. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 735,000 Americans have a heart attack each year. Warning signs and symptoms include chest pain or discomfort and shortness of breath. Ex...

Virtual Tour of the Eye Animation

By: Administrator, Views: 9277

Eye Composed of special anatomical structures that work together to facilitate sight: Cornea Pupil Lens Vitreous body Light stimulates sensory receptors (rods and cones) in the retina or innermost layer of the eye. Vision is made possible through the coordinated actions of nerves that co...

What are the Parts of a Plant Cell?

By: HWC, Views: 5704

Every chloroplast in a plant cell is packed with stacks of flattened sacs called thylakoids. The thylakoid membranes contain chlorophyll, as well as most of the other components required for the light reactions of photosynthesis. The chlorophyll-containing structures within the membranes are c...

Hyperglycemia Animation

By: Administrator, Views: 10892

Hyperglycemia means high (hyper) glucose (gly) in the blood (emia). Your body needs glucose to properly function. Your cells rely on glucose for energy. Hyperglycemia is a defining characteristic of diabetes—when the blood glucose level is too high because the body isn't properly using or doesn...

Head and Neck Movement Animation

By: Administrator, Views: 298

Interestingly, head and neck muscles are the first ones that the baby can control. A baby can hold his head up before he can sit erect. The muscles of the head and neck perform many important tasks, including movement of the head and neck, chewing and swallowing, speech, facial expressions, an...

Ventilation - phases and driving forces

By: HWC, Views: 6654

Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells The combination of 3 processes is required for respiration to occur Ventilation (breathing) External (pulmonary) respiration Internal (tissue) respiration The cardiovascular system assists the respiratory system b...

Neural Reflex Arc Animation

By: Administrator, Views: 9838

A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex. In vertebrates, most sensory neurons do not pass directly into the brain, but synapse in the spinal cord. This allows for faster reflex actions to occur by activating spinal motor neurons without the delay of routing signals through the bra...

Angiotensin II - kidneys, adrenal glands and dehydration

By: HWC, Views: 6837

• Angiontensin II targets cells in the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron. ■ The reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions sets up an osmotic gradient favoring the retention of water. • Decreases urine production and increases blood volume and pressure. • Angiontensin II targets zon...