Mendel's pea plant, Pisum sativum experimental

Mendel chose the garden pea plant, Pisum sativum, for experimental tests of his ideas about inheritance. Under normal circumstances, the garden pea plant is self-fertilizing. This cross-section shows the gamete-forming structures. Sperm-producing pollen grains form in the stamens. Eggs develop, fertilization takes place, and seeds mature inside the carpel. In some of his experiments, Mendel brushed pollen from a plant that bred true for purple flowers onto the floral bud of a plant that bred true for white flowers. To ensure cross-fertilization, the white flower had its stamens snipped off. The cross-fertilized plants produced seeds. Each seed was allowed to grow and develop into a new plant. Mendel analyzed the flower color of each new plant as visible evidence of patterns of inheritance.

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