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Miller's reaction chamber experiment Animation

By: HWC, Views: 1320

A simple diagram of Stanley Miller and Harold Urey's experimental apparatus. The lower portion of the apparatus was filled with water. The upper portion was filled with a mixture of gases that simulated the earth's early atmosphere. Examples are methane, ammonia, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. ...

Optic Nerve and Optic Disk Animation (Part 2 of 2)

By: Administrator, Views: 10735

The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye. Because there are no rods or cones overlying the optic disc, it corresponds to a small blind spot in each eye. The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc ...

The Hypothalamus: The Body's Thermostat (Human Thermostat)

By: HWC, Views: 6971

Normal body function requires a relatively constant body temperature, which is regulated by the body's thermostat, a region of the brain called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus generates a temperature set point for the body and appears to be the major site for the integration of temperature inf...

Interpreting a cladogram Animation

By: HWC, Views: 1387

Using a cladogram to determine relative relatedness and whether the lungfish is more closely related to a human or to a trout. To determine the relative relatedness, we begin by tracing the branches from the human and the lungfish to the point where they meet. We'll call this node 1. Now...

Appendicitis Animation

By: Administrator, Views: 10606

Appendectomy. The appendix and cecum are brought through the incision to the surface of the abdomen. The base of the appendix is clamped and ligated, and the appendix is then removed. McBurney’s point is the common location of pain in children and adolescents with appendicitis.

How a Urinalysis is Performed

By: Administrator, Views: 10912

A urinalysis is a test of your urine. A urinalysis is used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes. A urinalysis involves checking the appearance, concentration and content of urine. Abnormal urinalysis results may point to ...

Structure of Amino Acid, Peptide Bonds & Polypeptides

By: HWC, Views: 7214

Here are the molecular formulas of three different amino acids. All amino acids share this backbone. The main difference between every amino acid is the side groups seen here, and these side groups give each of the amino acids their different characteristics. But before we get into that, let's ...

Genetic distance between human groups

By: HWC, Views: 4586

One proposed family tree for modern humans. This family tree is based on nucleic-add hybridization studies of many genes and immuno-logical comparisons. Branch points show presumed genetic divergences. This data indicates that the greatest genetic distance separates humans native to Afri...

Homeostasis (range of body conditions, normal limits, mild stresses & severe stresses)

By: HWC, Views: 7701

Homeostasis: • Provides relative stability of the internal environment. • Results from constant adjustments. • Regulated by regulatory processes. • Requires system interplay. • Normal limits. • Temporary stresses. • Disruptions requiring medical intervention. • D...