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Results for: 'membrane structure'

Mitosis step-by-step

By: HWC, Views: 4596

During interphase, the chromosomes will be duplicated in preparation for mitosis, which divides the chromosomes, and cytokinesis, which divides the cell's cytoplasm. In early prophase, the duplicated chromosomes begin to condense. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids joined at the...

Bond in biological molecules (Ionic, Covalent and Hydrogen bonds)/ How atoms bond?

By: HWC, Views: 3995

Sodium atoms and chloride atoms have unfilled orbitals in their outer shells. The lone electron in the outermost shell of a sodium atom can be pulled or knocked out. This ionizes the atom. It is now a positively charged sodium ion. A chlorine atom has an electron vacancy in its outer shell and...

The Lac Operon in E. Coli

By: Administrator, Views: 10709

The lac operon (lactose operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in Escherichia coli and many other enteric bacteria. Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is no...

How antibiotics works? 💊

By: HWC, Views: 6350

The Crisis in Antibiotic Resistance More than 70 years ago, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. A few decades later, when this antibiotic was used in World War II, Fleming's discovery had revolutionized medicine. No longer did people have to die from something as trivial as an infected cut.Y...

ETC Protein Complexes & Chemiosmosis (Total ATP Production and ATP Synthase)

By: HWC, Views: 6366

You will notice that FADH2 donates two electrons further downstream than NADH. This results in only two protons being pumped across the inner membrane. The final electron acceptor for these transported electrons is oxygen. Oxygen receives these electrons, plus protons from the aqueous matrix. ...

Cleavage and Implantation Animation

By: HWC, Views: 4147

✔ https://HomeworkClinic.com ✔ https://Videos.HomeworkClinic.com ✔ Ask questions here: https://HomeworkClinic.com/Ask Follow us: ▶ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/HomeworkClinic ▶ Review Us: https://trustpilot.com/review/homeworkclinic.com Fertilization typically takes pl...

Helper T cell receptors, activation, proliferation, differentiation & action

By: HWC, Views: 6771

• Most cells which have CD4 on their surface become Helper T cells (TN cells). • The CD4 1 cells only recognize a foreign antigen when it is presented with an antigen presenting immune cell (APC) that includes MHC-II protein. • The Helper T cell antigen receptor must match the presented...

Cellular Defects - Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts and Osteocytes

By: HWC, Views: 6325

■ Metabolically active bone-building cells that secrete astroid. ■ Cover surfaces of newly formed bone and respond to growth stimuli ■ Less responsive to growth factors as the body ages. ■ Contribute to hone loss once their reproductive and biosynthetic potential lessens....

Component of feedback systems & Communication and regulation of body systems

By: HWC, Views: 6706

• Primary responsibility for communication and regulation in the body is shared by the nervous and endocrine systems. • The two systems work alone or together in specialized physiological processes called feedback systems to maintain homeostasis. • Feedback systems - or loops - are ...

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