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Subunits of DNA And Semi Conservative Replication

By: HWC, Views: 4057

Adenine is a purine with a double-ring structure. In double-stranded DNA, adenine base-pairs with thymine. Guanine is a purine with a double-ring structure. In double-stranded DNA, guanine base-pairs with cytosine. Thymine is a pyrimidine with a single-ring structure. In double-stranded DNA, th...

Electromagnetic Spectrum, Chlorophyll and Pigment & Light

By: HWC, Views: 7497

The sun gives off radiation that is called the electromagnetic spectrum. This is energy that travels as wavelengths and includes radio waves, X-rays and ultraviolet light. A portion of this radiation is known as visible light, and is the type of radiation that plants use to manufacture sugars. ...

Major Elements in Biological Molecules: Nucleic acids

By: HWC, Views: 7629

DNA and RNA are nucleic acids (polymers of nucleotides). Two polymers with complementary nucleotide sequences can pair with each other. This pairing endows nucleic acids with the ability to store, transmit, and retrieve genetic information. Two strands of DNA pair by hydrogen bonding. A compon...

Nucleic acid digestion - brush border enzymes, end products & transport mechanism

By: HWC, Views: 7508

• Further digestion occurs at the microvilli (brush border) of the epithelial cells of the villi in the small intestine. • Two brush border enzymes complete nucleic acid digestion: • Phosphatases, which catalyze the cleavage of a phosphate to form a nucleoside (nitrogenous base and pent...

Biological organic compounds

By: HWC, Views: 7114

Biological organic compounds contain covalent bonds, mainly C-C and C-H bonds, but also both C and H bonded to such other atoms as O and N. Some of these covalent bonds are nonpolar. Others are polar, either because one atom in the group "hogs" electrons away from other atoms in the group, or...

Introduction to Photolithography - WC, BLF, PA, Hard and Soft baking

By: HWC, Views: 7318

Prior to use, wafers are chemically cleaned to remove particulate matter on the surface as well as any traces of organic, ionic, and metallic impurities. Barrier Layer Formation After cleaning, the silicon wafer is covered with the material which will serve as a barrier layer. The most commo...

Glycolysis - and oxygen

By: HWC, Views: 7982

The first reactions involve a single 6-carbon glucose sugar undergoing phosphorylation using two ATP molecules and resulting in two 3-carbon compounds. • The rest of this pathway involves an oxidation reduction reaction, forming two reduced coenzymes, and generation of four ATP molecules. ...

What Are Carbohydrates? Importance of Carbs & High Carb Food

By: HWC, Views: 7814

We hear a lot about carbohydrates in the news. Everybody seems to be on a low-carb diet. The news media often has stories on this diet fad, and companies are busy producing products with reduced carbohydrates. What's this fascination with carbohydrates? In a word: "Diet." The fact is that carb...