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Transferring genes into plants Animation

By: HWC, Views: 5077

Researchers extract DNA from an organism that has a trait they want to introduce into a plant. The genetic donor can be a bacterial cell, a plant cell. or even an animal cell. The desired gene will be transferred into a plasmid, a small circle of bacterial DNA. The gene is cut out of th...

Ventilation - phases and driving forces

By: HWC, Views: 7789

Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells The combination of 3 processes is required for respiration to occur Ventilation (breathing) External (pulmonary) respiration Internal (tissue) respiration The cardiovascular system assists the respiratory system b...

Non-specific disease resistance mechanisms & Skin's defense barriers

By: HWC, Views: 7703

• Non-specific disease resistance acts quickly to fight a wide variety of invaders. • Mechanisms include: • Barriers • Antimicrobial substances • Cellular defenses • Inflammation • Fever Barriers - types • Physical and chemical bathers prevent invasion by micro...

Muscle cell structures - actin, myosin and titin filaments

By: HWC, Views: 7872

Once the muscle cell has been excited it will contract. • A muscle action potential will trigger the release Of Ca2+ ions into the sarcoplasm. • The Ca2+ ions bind to the regulatory proteins and trigger contraction. • Within skeletal muscle cells are structures that provide the ability...

Cleavage and Implantation Animation

By: HWC, Views: 5238

✔ https://HomeworkClinic.com ✔ https://Videos.HomeworkClinic.com ✔ Ask questions here: https://HomeworkClinic.com/Ask Follow us: ▶ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/HomeworkClinic ▶ Review Us: https://trustpilot.com/review/homeworkclinic.com Fertilization typically takes pl...

Amniocentesis and CVS Animation

By: HWC, Views: 4633

Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) are prenatal diagnostic tools. In amniocentesis, which can be performed as early as 14 weeks into the gestation period. A syringe needle is inserted through the abdominal and uterine walls to withdraw some amniotic fluid. The fluid contains...

Contraction cycle of a sarcomere

By: HWC, Views: 8175

• A single nervous signal releases Ca2+ ions into the sarcoplasm and initiates the contraction cycle. step 1. ATP hydrolysis • ATP provides the to move myosin molecules back into the energized configuration necessary to perform the power stroke. Step 2. Crossbridge attachment • Myosin...

Hemoglobin's affinity with oxygen - carbon dioxide, temperature and bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)

By: HWC, Views: 7809

• The carbon dioxide gas is temporarily converted to carbonic acid in red blood cells by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, and then further converted to hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. • The result of increased carbon dioxide is decreased pH causing the Bohr effect. • Elevated carbon dioxid...

Cellular Defects - Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts and Osteocytes

By: HWC, Views: 7324

■ Metabolically active bone-building cells that secrete astroid. ■ Cover surfaces of newly formed bone and respond to growth stimuli ■ Less responsive to growth factors as the body ages. ■ Contribute to hone loss once their reproductive and biosynthetic potential lessens....