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Chronology of leptin research (A history of leptin research)

By: HWC, Views: 4805

In 1950. researchers at Jackson Laboratories noticed that one of their mice had become extremely obese—it had an insatiable appetite. Intrigued, they bred a strain of mice showing this characteristic. In the late 1960s, researchers surgically connected the bloodstreams of a normal mouse and a...

Hormonal regulation of pregnancy - weeks 17 through 38

By: HWC, Views: 7994

• Estrogens increase uterine blood flow, maintaining the endometrium during pregnancy. • High levels of estrogen and progesterone inhibit the synthesis of milk. Progesterone inhibits myometrial contractions of the uterus to prevent premature birth. • Relaxin inhibits myometrial contract...

Membrane Protein and Facilitated Transport (Passive Vs Active)

By: HWC, Views: 7360

Membrane proteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes. Membrane proteins fall into several broad categories depending on their location. Integral membrane proteins span the membrane, with hydrophobic amino acids interacting with the lipid bilayer and hy...

Membrane transport proteins - pores, gated channels and pumps

By: HWC, Views: 7858

• a Three different types of membrane ion transport proteins are required to produce and carry electrical signals: • Pores • Gated channels • Na+/ K+ pump • Pores are always open and allow the diffusion of Na+ and K+ ions across the membrane, down their concentration gradients...

Primary Active Transport - electrochemical gradient and ion transport / water movement

By: HWC, Views: 7852

Energy derived from ATP changes the shape of a transporter protein which pumps a substance across a plasma membrane against its concentration gradient An electrochemical gradient is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane. The gradient consis...

Hydrogen bonds vs. Ionic bond

By: HWC, Views: 6521

The slight positive charge of a hydrogen atom in a water molecule can attract an atom with a slight negative charge, such as the nitrogen in a molecule of ammonia. This forms a hydrogen bond between the two atoms. Hydrogen bonds join the two strands of a DNA molecule. Although hydrogen bo...

What is Cholesterols? Introduction to Lipoproteins

By: HWC, Views: 6718

✔ https://HomeworkClinic.com ✔ https://Videos.HomeworkClinic.com ✔ Ask questions here: https://HomeworkClinic.com/Ask Follow us: ▶ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/HomeworkClinic ▶ Review Us: https://trustpilot.com/review/homeworkclinic.com Cholesterol is a type of fat fo...

Helper T cell receptors, activation, proliferation, differentiation & action

By: HWC, Views: 7826

• Most cells which have CD4 on their surface become Helper T cells (TN cells). • The CD4 1 cells only recognize a foreign antigen when it is presented with an antigen presenting immune cell (APC) that includes MHC-II protein. • The Helper T cell antigen receptor must match the presented...

Cataract

By: Administrator, Views: 10595

A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye which leads to a decrease in vision. Cataracts often develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes. Symptoms may include faded colors, blurry or double vision, halos around light, trouble with bright lights, and trouble seeing at night. This may re...